At a glance
Type
Coenzyme / dinucleotide (not a peptide)
Molecular formula
C21H27N7O14P2
Molecular weight
≈663.43 g/mol
Studied for
Energy metabolismSirtuins / DNA repairLongevity
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is not a peptide but an essential coenzyme found in every living cell — a central molecule of energy metabolism whose levels fall with age. It is one of the most studied molecules in aging biology.
How NAD+ works
NAD+ is the cell’s core redox coenzyme, shuttling electrons through glycolysis, the citric-acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation by cycling between its oxidised (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms. Beyond energy, it is a required co-substrate for signalling enzymes — sirtuins, PARPs and CD38 — that govern DNA repair, gene regulation and stress responses. NAD+ levels decline with age, which is why it is a major focus of longevity research.
What the research shows
- Aging & metabolism (Verdin, Science 2015). A landmark review linking NAD+ decline to aging and neurodegeneration.
- NAD+-boosting molecules (Rajman, Chwalek & Sinclair, Cell Metab 2018). Reviewed the in-vivo evidence for NAD+ precursors like NR and NMN.
- NAD+ in aging cells (Covarrubias et al., Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2021). A comprehensive review of NAD+-consuming enzymes and age-related decline.
Candour: the basic science on NAD+’s role in metabolism, DNA repair and aging is strong; human clinical outcomes for NAD+ (or precursor) supplementation are still emerging and not yet definitive. Use belongs under a physician’s guidance.
Molecular specification
| Type | Coenzyme / dinucleotide (not a peptide) |
| Molecular formula | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Molecular weight | ≈663.43 g/mol |
| CAS number | 53-84-9 |
Quality and sourcing
Every batch of Azzurri Wellness NAD+ is compounded through a Registered 503B outsourcing facility under GMP-compliant processes, HPLC-tested for purity and potency, and third-party lab verified. Shipped cold-pack when needed to protect stability.
References
- Verdin E. NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration. Science. 2015;350(6265):1208–1213. DOI
- Rajman L, Chwalek K, Sinclair DA. Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence. Cell Metab. 2018;27(3):529–547. PubMed
- Covarrubias AJ, et al. NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22(2):119–141. DOI
Compiled by the Azzurri Wellness Research Team and checked against the cited literature. Educational only — not medical advice.
